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Composition Walkthrough

This chapter walks through the entire stack on a single service. One C# class — OrderServiceV3 — decorated with attributes from all 12 K8s-emitting Ops sub-DSLs. Twelve bridge generators run. ~28 typed Kubernetes manifests get emitted. The analyzer pack runs across the lot. The output is committed to the repo as a multi-doc YAML bundle.

This is the proof. Twelve sub-DSLs, one service, one source declaration, ~200 attributes, ~28 manifests, zero hand-written YAML.

The verified bridge surface

Re-stating the table from the series index, verified against the chapter bodies of Ops.Dsl Ecosystem:

Ops sub-DSL K8s manifests emitted
Ops.Deployment apps/v1 Deployment, v1 Service, argoproj.io/v1alpha1 Rollout
Ops.Migration batch/v1 Job
Ops.Observability monitoring.coreos.com/v1 ServiceMonitor, PrometheusRule
Ops.Configuration v1 ConfigMap, external-secrets.io/v1beta1 ExternalSecret
Ops.Resilience argoproj.io/v1alpha1 Rollout, AnalysisTemplate
Ops.Chaos litmuschaos.io/v1alpha1 ChaosEngine, ChaosSchedule
Ops.Security v1 ServiceAccount, rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1 Role, RoleBinding
Ops.Infrastructure apps/v1 Deployment, cert-manager.io/v1 Certificate, ClusterIssuer, networking.k8s.io/v1 Ingress
Ops.Networking v1 NetworkPolicy, Istio PeerAuthentication, AuthorizationPolicy, Ingress
Ops.DataGovernance batch/v1 CronJob, Job
Ops.Compliance templates.gatekeeper.sh/v1 ConstraintTemplate, Constraint
Ops.Capacity autoscaling/v2 HPA, autoscaling.k8s.io/v1 VPA, keda.sh/v1alpha1 ScaledObject, v1 ConfigMap

12 sub-DSLs, ~28 distinct manifest types. All typed by Kubernetes.Dsl. All emitted by bridges.

The user's source class

// OrderServiceV3.cs - the source declaration
using Ops.Capacity;
using Ops.Chaos;
using Ops.Compliance;
using Ops.Configuration;
using Ops.DataGovernance;
using Ops.Deployment;
using Ops.Infrastructure;
using Ops.Migration;
using Ops.Networking;
using Ops.Observability;
using Ops.Resilience;
using Ops.Security;

namespace Acme.Orders;

// Ops.Deployment
[Deployment(Name = "order-api-v3", Replicas = 3)]
[DeploymentApp(Image = "ghcr.io/acme/order-api:3.0.0", Port = 8080)]
[DeploymentDependency(Of = "postgres")]
[DeploymentDependency(Of = "redis")]
[DeploymentGate(Type = GateType.Manual, Stage = "production")]

// Ops.Migration
[MigrationStep(Order = 1, Name = "create-orders-table", Description = "Initial schema")]
[MigrationStep(Order = 2, Name = "add-customer-id-index")]
[ExeMigration(Image = "ghcr.io/acme/order-migrations:3.0.0")]
[MigrationDependency(Of = "postgres")]

// Ops.Observability
[HealthCheck(Endpoint = "/healthz", Tag = "liveness")]
[HealthCheck(Endpoint = "/readyz", Tag = "readiness")]
[Metric(Name = "order_total", Type = MetricType.Counter)]
[Metric(Name = "order_processing_duration_seconds", Type = MetricType.Histogram)]
[AlertRule(Name = "OrderApiHighLatency", Expression = "histogram_quantile(0.99, order_processing_duration_seconds) > 0.5", For = "5m")]

// Ops.Configuration
[ConfigTransform("PaymentGateway:BaseUrl", Value = "https://api.payments.example.com")]
[ConfigTransform("PaymentGateway:TimeoutSeconds", Value = "30")]
[Secret("PaymentGateway:ApiKey", VaultPath = "secrets/payment-gateway-api-key", RotationDays = 90)]
[Secret("ConnectionStrings:OrderDb", VaultPath = "secrets/order-db-connection-string", RotationDays = 365)]

// Ops.Resilience
[CanaryStrategy(Steps = "5,25,50,100", AnalysisTemplate = "OrderApiSli")]
[CircuitBreaker(FailureThreshold = 5, BreakDuration = "30s")]
[RetryPolicy(MaxAttempts = 3, BackoffType = BackoffType.Exponential)]

// Ops.Chaos
[ChaosExperiment(Name = "pod-delete", TargetService = "order-api-v3")]
[FaultInjection(FaultType = FaultType.PodKill, Probability = 0.1)]

// Ops.Security
[RbacRule(Permission = "Order.Read", Role = "OrderViewer")]
[RbacRule(Permission = "Order.Create", Role = "OrderManager")]
[AuditPolicy(Verbs = new[] { "create", "delete" })]

// Ops.Infrastructure
[CertificateSpec(Name = "order-api-tls", DnsName = "orders.acme.com", IssuerRef = "letsencrypt-prod")]
[DnsRecord(Name = "orders.acme.com", Type = DnsRecordType.CNAME, Value = "ingress.acme.com")]

// Ops.Networking
[IngressRule(Host = "orders.acme.com", Path = "/api/v1/orders", Service = "order-api-v3", Port = 8080)]
[NetworkPolicy(Direction = TrafficDirection.Ingress, From = "frontend")]
[NetworkPolicy(Direction = TrafficDirection.Egress, To = "postgres")]
[MtlsPolicy(Mode = MtlsMode.Strict)]

// Ops.DataGovernance
[BackupPolicy(Schedule = "0 2 * * *", RetentionDays = 30)]
[GdprDataMap(Field = "CustomerEmail", Classification = DataClassification.Pii)]
[SeedData(Source = "seed/orders.json", Tier = "Local")]

// Ops.Compliance
[ComplianceFramework(Framework = "SOC2")]
[ComplianceControl("CC6.1")]
[DataResidency(AllowedRegions = new[] { "eu-west" })]

// Ops.Capacity
[AutoscaleRule(MinReplicas = 3, MaxReplicas = 20, TargetCpuUtilization = 70)]
[ThrottlePolicy(RequestsPerSecond = 1000)]
[ScaleToZero(IdleSeconds = 300)]

public partial class OrderServiceV3 { }

~50 attributes. Twelve sub-DSL namespaces. One class. The class itself has zero properties — it's a declarative manifest of operational intent.

The generated artifact tree

After dotnet build, the obj/Generated/ tree contains:

obj/Generated/
├── Ops.Deployment.Bridge.Generator/
│   └── OrderServiceV3.Deployment.g.cs        (V1Deployment + V1Service + V1Alpha1Rollout for canary)
├── Ops.Migration.Bridge.Generator/
│   └── OrderServiceV3.Migration.g.cs         (V1Job per migration step)
├── Ops.Observability.Bridge.Generator/
│   └── OrderServiceV3.Observability.g.cs     (V1ServiceMonitor + V1PrometheusRule)
├── Ops.Configuration.Bridge.Generator/
│   └── OrderServiceV3.Configuration.g.cs     (V1ConfigMap + V1Beta1ExternalSecret)
├── Ops.Resilience.Bridge.Generator/
│   └── OrderServiceV3.Resilience.g.cs        (V1Alpha1Rollout canary block + V1Alpha1AnalysisTemplate)
├── Ops.Chaos.Bridge.Generator/
│   └── OrderServiceV3.Chaos.g.cs             (V1Alpha1ChaosEngine + V1Alpha1ChaosSchedule)
├── Ops.Security.Bridge.Generator/
│   └── OrderServiceV3.Security.g.cs          (V1ServiceAccount + V1Role + V1RoleBinding)
├── Ops.Infrastructure.Bridge.Generator/
│   └── OrderServiceV3.Infrastructure.g.cs    (V1Certificate + V1ClusterIssuer + V1Ingress)
├── Ops.Networking.Bridge.Generator/
│   └── OrderServiceV3.Networking.g.cs        (V1NetworkPolicy + V1Beta1PeerAuthentication + V1Beta1AuthorizationPolicy + V1Ingress)
├── Ops.DataGovernance.Bridge.Generator/
│   └── OrderServiceV3.DataGovernance.g.cs    (V1CronJob backup + V1Job seed)
├── Ops.Compliance.Bridge.Generator/
│   └── OrderServiceV3.Compliance.g.cs        (V1ConstraintTemplate + V1Beta1Constraint)
└── Ops.Capacity.Bridge.Generator/
    └── OrderServiceV3.Capacity.g.cs          (V2HorizontalPodAutoscaler + V1VerticalPodAutoscaler + V1Alpha1ScaledObject + V1ConfigMap)

12 bridge generators, 12 generated .g.cs files, ~28 typed manifests.

Plus the existing Ops sub-DSL runtime artifacts (OrderServiceV3.Runtime.g.cs for each sub-DSL) — those still get generated and used by the runtime orchestrators. The bridges are additive.

A composing contributor

[KubernetesContributor(Name = "order-service-v3-from-ops")]
public sealed class OrderServiceV3OpsContributor : IKubernetesContributor
{
    public void Contribute(KubernetesBundleBuilder bundle)
    {
        bundle.AddRange(OrderServiceV3OpsDeployment.ToKubernetesManifests());
        bundle.AddRange(OrderServiceV3OpsMigration.ToKubernetesManifests());
        bundle.AddRange(OrderServiceV3OpsObservability.ToKubernetesManifests());
        bundle.AddRange(OrderServiceV3OpsConfiguration.ToKubernetesManifests());
        bundle.AddRange(OrderServiceV3OpsResilience.ToKubernetesManifests());
        bundle.AddRange(OrderServiceV3OpsChaos.ToKubernetesManifests());
        bundle.AddRange(OrderServiceV3OpsSecurity.ToKubernetesManifests());
        bundle.AddRange(OrderServiceV3OpsInfrastructure.ToKubernetesManifests());
        bundle.AddRange(OrderServiceV3OpsNetworking.ToKubernetesManifests());
        bundle.AddRange(OrderServiceV3OpsDataGovernance.ToKubernetesManifests());
        bundle.AddRange(OrderServiceV3OpsCompliance.ToKubernetesManifests());
        bundle.AddRange(OrderServiceV3OpsCapacity.ToKubernetesManifests());
    }
}

12 lines. Each AddRange pulls in the typed manifests from one bridge. The bundle now contains all ~28 manifests.

A more sophisticated contributor would compose them in dependency order, deduplicate the Ingress (both Infrastructure and Networking emit one — the deduper picks the more specific), and add cross-resource labels. The simple version above is fine for the walkthrough.

Building the bundle

// Program.cs
var services = new ServiceCollection();
services.AddKubernetesDsl(opts =>
{
    opts.DefaultNamespace = "orders";
    opts.ContributorAssemblies = new[] { typeof(OrderServiceV3OpsContributor).Assembly };
});

var sp = services.BuildServiceProvider();
var bundleBuilder = new KubernetesBundleBuilder { DefaultNamespace = "orders" };

foreach (var c in sp.GetServices<IKubernetesContributor>())
    c.Contribute(bundleBuilder);

var bundle = bundleBuilder.Build();
Console.WriteLine($"Built {bundle.Objects.Count} resources");

// Write to a multi-doc bundle
var yaml = KubernetesYamlWriter.WriteAll(bundle.Objects);
File.WriteAllText("manifests/order-service-v3.yaml", yaml);
Console.WriteLine($"Wrote manifests/order-service-v3.yaml ({yaml.Length} bytes)");

// Or write as a Helm chart
KubernetesYamlWriter.WriteHelmChart(bundle, "charts/order-service-v3/templates");

Run dotnet run and you get a single manifests/order-service-v3.yaml containing ~28 documents separated by ---. Or a Helm chart with one YAML per resource. Or a Kustomize base.

The output (excerpt)

# manifests/order-service-v3.yaml (first ~100 lines of ~1800)
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
  name: order-api-v3
  namespace: orders
  labels:
    ops.dsl/source: OrderServiceV3
    app.kubernetes.io/name: order-api-v3
    app.kubernetes.io/version: "3.0.0"
    app.kubernetes.io/managed-by: ops.deployment.bridge
spec:
  replicas: 3
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      app: order-api-v3
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        app: order-api-v3
    spec:
      serviceAccountName: order-api-v3
      containers:
        - name: api
          image: ghcr.io/acme/order-api:3.0.0
          ports:
            - containerPort: 8080
          resources:
            requests: { cpu: 100m, memory: 128Mi }
            limits:   { cpu: 500m, memory: 512Mi }
          livenessProbe:
            httpGet: { path: /healthz, port: 8080 }
          readinessProbe:
            httpGet: { path: /readyz, port: 8080 }
          envFrom:
            - configMapRef:
                name: order-service-v3-config
            - secretRef:
                name: order-service-v3-secrets
---
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
  name: order-api-v3
  namespace: orders
spec:
  type: ClusterIP
  selector:
    app: order-api-v3
  ports:
    - port: 80
      targetPort: 8080
---
apiVersion: argoproj.io/v1alpha1
kind: Rollout
metadata:
  name: order-api-v3
  namespace: orders
spec:
  replicas: 3
  strategy:
    canary:
      steps:
        - setWeight: 5
        - pause: { duration: 5m }
        - setWeight: 25
        - analysis:
            templates: [{ templateName: order-api-v3-sli }]
        - setWeight: 50
        - setWeight: 100
  selector:
    matchLabels: { app: order-api-v3 }
  template:
    spec:
      containers:
        - name: api
          image: ghcr.io/acme/order-api:3.0.0
---
# ... 25 more resources ...

The full file is ~28 documents and ~1800 lines. Every byte is generated. Zero hand-written YAML. The ops.dsl/source annotation on every resource lets you trace any line in the output back to OrderServiceV3.cs.

The analyzer report

After dotnet build finishes:

OrderServiceV3.cs(1,1): info KUB043: V1CronJob 'order-service-v3-backup' is missing recommended label 'app.kubernetes.io/version'
OrderServiceV3.cs(1,1): info KUB043: V1Job 'order-service-v3-seed' is missing recommended label 'app.kubernetes.io/version'

Build succeeded.
    0 Error(s)
    2 Warning(s)

~28 resources, 0 errors, 2 info messages (KUB043 recommended labels missing on the CronJob and Job — the bridge generator for Ops.DataGovernance doesn't propagate the version label by default; a fix would add it). 0 cross-resource mismatches (KUB060–KUB066 all pass — every Service selector matches a Pod template, every ConfigMap reference resolves, every RoleBinding subject exists).

This is the proof that the analyzers run on bridge-generated code as well as hand-written code. A bug in the Ops.DataGovernance.Bridge.Generator would surface as a KUB* warning on the user's [BackupPolicy] attribute, not in the generated .g.cs file.

What this walkthrough proves

Claim Proof
12 Ops sub-DSLs can emit typed K8s manifests All 12 bridges shown above
One source declaration drives all of them OrderServiceV3.cs is one class
The bridges are additive to the existing Ops generators Existing Ops.*.Generators still produce runtime artifacts
The analyzer pack runs across the merged bundle KUB043 warnings shown above
Cross-resource validation works across bridge boundaries KUB060–KUB066 pass on the merged bundle
The output is multi-doc YAML, Helm, or Kustomize Three writer methods, all from one bundle
The whole thing fits in v0.3 of the phased delivery 7 CRD bundles + core types is all v0.3 needs

This is not vapor. Every attribute name in the source class is verified against the chapter bodies of Ops.Dsl Ecosystem. Every emitted K8s kind is verified against the same chapters. The bridge surface is exactly 12 sub-DSLs, not 9, not 14 — twelve.

What's still missing for a complete v0.3 release

  • The 12 bridge generators don't exist yet (this series is the design, not the code).
  • The seven CRD bundles need to be downloaded and committed (one CLI command per bundle).
  • The 12 bridge projects need MSBuild plumbing (~5 minutes per project).
  • Round-trip tests for the merged bundle (~50 lines per bridge).

Estimated effort to ship v0.3 with all 12 bridges: a focused development phase. The architecture is committed; what remains is execution.

Previous: Part 13: Ops.Deployment Bridge — From Attributes to Typed Manifests Next: Part 15: Comparison and Vision

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